Ajmal  Kamal - <div><br></div><div>Kamal, Ajmal (ed.). Karachi ki Kahani. Karachi: Siti Prais Buk Shap, 2007, 2 vols, 950pp.</div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-weight: bold;">ملخص</span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-weight: bold;">قصة مدينة كراتشي</span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><br></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-style: italic;">Karachi ki Kahani</span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><br></div><div style="text-align: center; "><br></div><div style="text-align: right; "><p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">ﯾﺘﺄﻟﻒ ﻛﺘﺎب "ﻗﺼﺔ
ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ" ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻧﺸﺮت ﻷول ﻣﺮة ﻋﺎم ١٩٩٦، ﻛﺈﺻﺪار ﺧﺎص ﻟﻠﻌﺪدﯾﻦ ١٩
و ٢٠ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻠﺔ "آج" (اﻟﯿﻮم) اﻟﺮﺑﻌﯿﺔ اﻷوردﯾﺔ و اﻟﺼﺎدرة ﻓﻲ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ. و ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم
٢٠٠٧، ﻧﺸﺮ ﻣﺤﺮر اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺔ أﺟﻤﺎل ﻛﻤﺎل ھﺬه اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻت ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب واﺣﺪ و ﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺘﮫ. و ﺗﻀﻢ ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎت
اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ١٦ ﺧﺮﯾﻄﺔ ﻧﺎدرة ﺗﻈﮭﺮ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮات اﻟﺘﻲ طﺮأت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﯿﻦ و ﺻﻮرا ﻓﻮﺗﻮﻏﺮاﻓﯿﺔ
ﻧﺎدرة ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﺎظﺮھﺎ اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﯿﺔ و ﻣﺸﺎھﯿﺮھﺎ، و ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺤﻘﺎﺋﻖ اﻟﻤﮭﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ و اﻟﺘﻲ
ﺗﺘﻠﺨﺺ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷرﻗﺎم و اﻟﺠﺪاول و اﻟﺤﻘﺎﺋﻖ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﻘﺮﯾﺮ اﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻲ
ﻟﻌﺎم ١٩٩٨. و ﻗﺪ واﻓﻖ اﻟﻌﺎم اﻟﺬي ﻧﺸﺮت ﻓﯿﮫ ﻣﺠﻠﺔ آج ھﺬه اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻت ﻣﺮور ﻣﺎ ﯾﻘﺮب اﻟﻌﻘﺪ
ﻣﻦ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﯿﻄﺮة اﻟﻌﻨﻒ اﻟﺸﺪﯾﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ. و ﻟﮭﺬا ﯾﺴﻌﻰ اﻟﻤﺤﺮر ﻹﯾﺠﺎد ﺣﻠﻮل
ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮاﺟﮫ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻄﻮرھﺎ.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">و ﻗﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﻠﺺ اﻟﻤﺤﺮر
ﻣﻮاده ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺬﻛﺮﯾﺎت و اﻟﺴﯿَﺮ اﻟﺬاﺗﯿﺔ و اﻟﻤﺬﻛﺮات و ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺐ أﺧﺮى ﻋﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ.
ﻛﻤﺎ دﻋﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻨﺎس اﻟﻤﮭﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﺷﺎرﻛﻮا ﻓﻲ ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ و ﺗﻌﻤﻘﻮا ﻓﻲ دراﺳﺘﮭﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎھﻤﺔ
ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﻜﺘﺎب.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">و وﻓﻘﺎ ﻷﺟﻤﺎل ﻛﻤﺎل
ﻓﻘﺪ ﻣﺮّت ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ ﺑﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺸﮭﺪھﺎ أي ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ أﺧﺮى ﻓﻲ ﺷﺒﮫ اﻟﻘﺎرة اﻟﮭﻨﺪﯾﺔ إﺛﺮ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ اﻟﮭﻨﺪ
ﻋﺎم ١٩٤٧، ﺣﯿﺚ رﺣﻠﺖ أﻏﻠﺒﯿﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ و اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﮭﻨﺪوس ﻋﻦ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ و ﻗﺪم إﻟﯿﮭﺎ
ﻣﻼﯾﯿﻦ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻣﻦ أﻧﺤﺎء أﺧﺮى ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﮫ اﻟﻘﺎرة. و ظﮭﺮت ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ آراء ﻣﺘﻀﺎرﺑﺔ ﺣﻮل ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ
اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻣﺎ أﻋﺎق ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷﺣﯿﺎن اﻟﺤﻮار اﻟﮭﺎدف و اﻹﯾﺠﺎﺑﻲ.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">و ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ وﺟﮭﺘﻲ
اﻟﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﺠﺪﻟﯿﺘﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوﺿﺘﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ: ﺗﻌﺘﻘﺪ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﺑﺄن ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ
ﯾﺒﺪأ ﻋﺎم ١٩٤٧، و ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﺪﯾﻦ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ ﺑﺘﻄﻮرھﺎ ﻟﻠﻮاﻓﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﻧﻘﺴﺎم، ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﮭﻢ ﺣﻘﻮق
ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜﺎﻧﮭﺎ اﻵﺧﺮﯾﻦ. أﻣﺎ وﺟﮭﺔ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﻓﺘﻌﺘﻘﺪ أن ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ "ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ
ﺳﻨﺪﯾﺔ ﺻﺮﻓﺔ" و ﺑﺄن أﻏﻠﺒﯿﺔ اﻟﻨﺎس اﻟﻤﻘﯿﻤﯿﻦ اﻵن ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ھﻢ ﻻﺟﺌﻮن ﻏﯿﺮ ﺷﺮﻋﯿﯿﻦ و ﯾﻨﺒﻐﻲ
طﺮدھﻢ.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">و ﺧﻼﻓﺎ ﻟﻶراء اﻵﻧﻔﺔ
اﻟﺬﻛﺮ، ﺗﺸﺪد ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻت ﻋﻠﻰ دور اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت اﻟﻌﺮﻗﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻄﻮر اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ، ﺣﯿﺚ
اﺗﺴﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﻮع اﻟﻌﺮﻗﻲ و اﻟﺪﯾﻨﻲ و ﺻﺮﺣﻮا ﺑﺄن ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻗﺪ ارﺗﻜﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻌﺎﯾﺶ
و ﻟﺬا ﻓﻌﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺎس أن ﯾﺴﻌﻮا ﺟﺎھﺪﯾﻦ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﺑﯿﻨﮭﻢ.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">و ھﻨﺎك ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻت
و اﻟﺴﯿَﺮ اﻟﺬاﺗﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺨﻠﺪ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺸﺨﺼﯿﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﺮھﻨﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺒﮭﺎ ﻟﻜﺮاﺗﺸﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ
أﻣﻮاﻟﮭﺎ و ﻣﮭﺎراﺗﮭﺎ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ. و ﯾﺄﻣﻞ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻔﻮن ﺑﺄن ﯾﺸﻜﻞ أوﻟﺌﻚ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻣﺼﺪر إﻟﮭﺎم
ﻟﻘﯿﺎدة ﺟﯿﺪة.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">و ﯾﺘﻤﺤﻮر ﻋﺪد آﺧﺮ
ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻت ﺣﻮل اﻷﺣﯿﺎء اﻟﻔﻘﯿﺮة )اﻟﻌﺸﻮاﺋﯿﺎت( ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ و ﺑﻤﺎ أن أﻏﻠﺒﯿﺔ ﺳﻜﺎن ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ
ﯾﻌﯿﺸﻮن ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﻓﮭﻲ ﺗﺜﯿﺮ اﻟﻘﻠﻖ ﺣﻮل اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﺎﺋﺴﺔ ﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﮭﺎ و ﺗﻌﺮﺿﮭﻢ ﻟﺴﻮء اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ و اﺳﺘﻐﻼل
اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎزﯾﯿﻦ.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">و ﯾﻌﺘﻘﺪ اﻟﻤﺤﺮر
أن ﻛﺜﯿﺮا ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻻ ﺗﺰال ذات ﺻﻠﺔ و ﺗﻌﺪ ﻣﻔﯿﺪة ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ رﻏﻢ
اﻧﻘﻀﺎء وﻗﺖ طﻮﯾﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ أول إﺻﺪار ﻟﮫ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ١٩٩٦.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">ﻧﺎﻓﯿﻦ ج. ﺣﯿﺪر
ﻋﻠﻲ<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻣﮭﺎ ﯾﺎزﺟﻲ</span><o:p></o:p></p></div>
قصة مدينة كراتشي
Type
abstract
Year
2014

Kamal, Ajmal (ed.). Karachi ki Kahani. Karachi: Siti Prais Buk Shap, 2007, 2 vols, 950pp.

ملخص

قصة مدينة كراتشي

Karachi ki Kahani


ﯾﺘﺄﻟﻒ ﻛﺘﺎب "ﻗﺼﺔ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ" ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻧﺸﺮت ﻷول ﻣﺮة ﻋﺎم ١٩٩٦، ﻛﺈﺻﺪار ﺧﺎص ﻟﻠﻌﺪدﯾﻦ ١٩ و ٢٠ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻠﺔ "آج" (اﻟﯿﻮم) اﻟﺮﺑﻌﯿﺔ اﻷوردﯾﺔ و اﻟﺼﺎدرة ﻓﻲ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ. و ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ٢٠٠٧، ﻧﺸﺮ ﻣﺤﺮر اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺔ أﺟﻤﺎل ﻛﻤﺎل ھﺬه اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻت ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب واﺣﺪ و ﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺘﮫ. و ﺗﻀﻢ ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎت اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ١٦ ﺧﺮﯾﻄﺔ ﻧﺎدرة ﺗﻈﮭﺮ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮات اﻟﺘﻲ طﺮأت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﯿﻦ و ﺻﻮرا ﻓﻮﺗﻮﻏﺮاﻓﯿﺔ ﻧﺎدرة ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﺎظﺮھﺎ اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﯿﺔ و ﻣﺸﺎھﯿﺮھﺎ، و ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺤﻘﺎﺋﻖ اﻟﻤﮭﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ و اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻠﺨﺺ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷرﻗﺎم و اﻟﺠﺪاول و اﻟﺤﻘﺎﺋﻖ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﻘﺮﯾﺮ اﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻌﺎم ١٩٩٨. و ﻗﺪ واﻓﻖ اﻟﻌﺎم اﻟﺬي ﻧﺸﺮت ﻓﯿﮫ ﻣﺠﻠﺔ آج ھﺬه اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻت ﻣﺮور ﻣﺎ ﯾﻘﺮب اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﯿﻄﺮة اﻟﻌﻨﻒ اﻟﺸﺪﯾﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ. و ﻟﮭﺬا ﯾﺴﻌﻰ اﻟﻤﺤﺮر ﻹﯾﺠﺎد ﺣﻠﻮل ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮاﺟﮫ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻄﻮرھﺎ.

 

و ﻗﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﻠﺺ اﻟﻤﺤﺮر ﻣﻮاده ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺬﻛﺮﯾﺎت و اﻟﺴﯿَﺮ اﻟﺬاﺗﯿﺔ و اﻟﻤﺬﻛﺮات و ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺐ أﺧﺮى ﻋﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ. ﻛﻤﺎ دﻋﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻨﺎس اﻟﻤﮭﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﺷﺎرﻛﻮا ﻓﻲ ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ و ﺗﻌﻤﻘﻮا ﻓﻲ دراﺳﺘﮭﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎھﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﻜﺘﺎب.

 

و وﻓﻘﺎ ﻷﺟﻤﺎل ﻛﻤﺎل ﻓﻘﺪ ﻣﺮّت ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ ﺑﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺸﮭﺪھﺎ أي ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ أﺧﺮى ﻓﻲ ﺷﺒﮫ اﻟﻘﺎرة اﻟﮭﻨﺪﯾﺔ إﺛﺮ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ اﻟﮭﻨﺪ ﻋﺎم ١٩٤٧، ﺣﯿﺚ رﺣﻠﺖ أﻏﻠﺒﯿﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ و اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﮭﻨﺪوس ﻋﻦ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ و ﻗﺪم إﻟﯿﮭﺎ ﻣﻼﯾﯿﻦ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻣﻦ أﻧﺤﺎء أﺧﺮى ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﮫ اﻟﻘﺎرة. و ظﮭﺮت ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ آراء ﻣﺘﻀﺎرﺑﺔ ﺣﻮل ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻣﺎ أﻋﺎق ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷﺣﯿﺎن اﻟﺤﻮار اﻟﮭﺎدف و اﻹﯾﺠﺎﺑﻲ.

 

و ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ وﺟﮭﺘﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﺠﺪﻟﯿﺘﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوﺿﺘﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ: ﺗﻌﺘﻘﺪ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﺑﺄن ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ ﯾﺒﺪأ ﻋﺎم ١٩٤٧، و ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﺪﯾﻦ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ ﺑﺘﻄﻮرھﺎ ﻟﻠﻮاﻓﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﻧﻘﺴﺎم، ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﮭﻢ ﺣﻘﻮق ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜﺎﻧﮭﺎ اﻵﺧﺮﯾﻦ. أﻣﺎ وﺟﮭﺔ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﻓﺘﻌﺘﻘﺪ أن ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ "ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺳﻨﺪﯾﺔ ﺻﺮﻓﺔ" و ﺑﺄن أﻏﻠﺒﯿﺔ اﻟﻨﺎس اﻟﻤﻘﯿﻤﯿﻦ اﻵن ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ھﻢ ﻻﺟﺌﻮن ﻏﯿﺮ ﺷﺮﻋﯿﯿﻦ و ﯾﻨﺒﻐﻲ طﺮدھﻢ.

 

و ﺧﻼﻓﺎ ﻟﻶراء اﻵﻧﻔﺔ اﻟﺬﻛﺮ، ﺗﺸﺪد ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻت ﻋﻠﻰ دور اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت اﻟﻌﺮﻗﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻄﻮر اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ، ﺣﯿﺚ اﺗﺴﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﻮع اﻟﻌﺮﻗﻲ و اﻟﺪﯾﻨﻲ و ﺻﺮﺣﻮا ﺑﺄن ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻗﺪ ارﺗﻜﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻌﺎﯾﺶ و ﻟﺬا ﻓﻌﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺎس أن ﯾﺴﻌﻮا ﺟﺎھﺪﯾﻦ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﺑﯿﻨﮭﻢ.

 

و ھﻨﺎك ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻت و اﻟﺴﯿَﺮ اﻟﺬاﺗﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺨﻠﺪ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺸﺨﺼﯿﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﺮھﻨﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺒﮭﺎ ﻟﻜﺮاﺗﺸﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ أﻣﻮاﻟﮭﺎ و ﻣﮭﺎراﺗﮭﺎ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ. و ﯾﺄﻣﻞ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻔﻮن ﺑﺄن ﯾﺸﻜﻞ أوﻟﺌﻚ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻣﺼﺪر إﻟﮭﺎم ﻟﻘﯿﺎدة ﺟﯿﺪة.

 

و ﯾﺘﻤﺤﻮر ﻋﺪد آﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻت ﺣﻮل اﻷﺣﯿﺎء اﻟﻔﻘﯿﺮة )اﻟﻌﺸﻮاﺋﯿﺎت( ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ و ﺑﻤﺎ أن أﻏﻠﺒﯿﺔ ﺳﻜﺎن ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ ﯾﻌﯿﺸﻮن ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﻓﮭﻲ ﺗﺜﯿﺮ اﻟﻘﻠﻖ ﺣﻮل اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﺎﺋﺴﺔ ﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﮭﺎ و ﺗﻌﺮﺿﮭﻢ ﻟﺴﻮء اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ و اﺳﺘﻐﻼل اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎزﯾﯿﻦ.

 

و ﯾﻌﺘﻘﺪ اﻟﻤﺤﺮر أن ﻛﺜﯿﺮا ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻻ ﺗﺰال ذات ﺻﻠﺔ و ﺗﻌﺪ ﻣﻔﯿﺪة ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻛﺮاﺗﺸﻲ رﻏﻢ اﻧﻘﻀﺎء وﻗﺖ طﻮﯾﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ أول إﺻﺪار ﻟﮫ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ١٩٩٦.

 

ﻧﺎﻓﯿﻦ ج. ﺣﯿﺪر ﻋﻠﻲ

ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻣﮭﺎ ﯾﺎزﺟﻲ

Citation
G. Haider Ali, Navin. '"Arabic abstract The Story of Karachi'". Translated by Maha Yazji. In Cities as Built and Lived Environments: Scholarship from Muslim Contexts, 1875 to 2011, by Aptin Khanbaghi. 446. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2014.
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