Archnet > Publication > عملية تغريب العمارة في إسطنبول خلال القرن الثامن عشر

Ayda Arel - <div><br></div><div>Arel, Ayda. Onsekizinci Yüzyıl İstanbul Mimarisinde Batılılaşma Süreci. İstanbul: İ.T.Ü. Mimarlık Fakültesi Baskı Atölyesi, 1975, 176pp.</div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">ملخص</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-weight: bold;">عملية تغريب العمارة في إسطنبول خلال القرن الثامن عشر</span></div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-style: italic;">Onsekizinci Yüzyıl İstanbul Mimarisinde Batılılaşma Süreci</span></div><div style="text-align: right; "><br></div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: right; "><p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">ﯾﺪرس ھﺬا اﻟﻜﺘﺎب
ﻋﻤﺎرة ﻋﺎﺻﻤﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ (إﺳﻄﻨﺒﻮل) ﺧﻼل ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﺮﯾﺐ. و ﯾﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻔﺼﯿﻠﯿﺔ
ﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﺎرﯾﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ و اﻟﻘﺼﻮر و اﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮرات و اﻟﻨﻮاﻓﯿﺮ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ و اﻟﻤﺪارس
و اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎت و اﻷﺿﺮﺣﺔ، ﻣﻦ ﻋﺼﺮ اﻟﺰﻧﺒﻖ 1718-1730 ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ
ﻋﮭﺪ ﺳﻠﯿﻢ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻋﺎم 1808. و ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻤﻞ أﺣﺪ اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺮاﺋﺪة ﻧﻈﺮا ﻟﻘﻠﺔ اﻷﺑﺤﺎث
ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎل اﻟﺘﺄﺛﯿﺮات اﻟﻐﺮﺑﯿﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ، و ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﮭﻮ ﻣﺼﺪر رﺋﯿﺴﻲ ﻓﻲ ھﺬا
اﻟﻤﺠﺎل. و ﯾﻘﺴﱢﻢ اﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺤﺜﮫ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﺴﻠﺴﻞ زﻣﻨﻲ إﻟﻰ ﺛﻼث ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ: اﻷوﻟﻰ 1721-1740
و اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ 1740-1789 و اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﯿﺔ (ﻓﺘﺮة ﻋﻤﺎرة ﺳﻠﯿﻢ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ).<o:p></o:p></span></p>

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mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">ﺗﻘﺪم اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت
ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎت اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ اﻷوروﺑﯿﺔ و اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮات اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ و اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﯿﺔ و اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ
اﻻﻣﺒﺮاطﻮرﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ. و ﻗﺪ رﺟﻊ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ إﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﺬﻛﺮات اﻟﺸﺨﺼﯿﺔ و إﻟﻰ أدب اﻟﺮﺣﻼت
اﻷورﺑﻲ و اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻹظﮭﺎر اﻟﻤﻔﺎھﯿﻢ اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ، و اﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﯿﻨﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرن
أن اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻤﺎرة ﻣﺒﺪﻋﺔ و أﺻﯿﻠﺔ و ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ ﺗﻌﯿﺶ
ﻓﺘﺮة اﻧﺤﻄﺎط. ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﺸﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ إﻟﻰ: "أن اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻟﻢ ﯾﻜﻦ ﻗﺮن ﺗﻐﺮﯾﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة
اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ، ﺑﻞ ﻛﺎن ﻓﺘﺮة ﺗﻤﮭﯿﺪﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻐﺮﯾﺐ اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮم".   </span><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:
Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-bidi;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">و ﺑﻐﺾ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ
رداءة ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ، ﻓﻘﺪ ﺷﻜﻠﺖ ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ و ﻣﺎﺗﺰال ﻣﺼﺪرا رﺋﯿﺴﯿﺎ ذا ﻓﺎﺋﺪة ﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻔﻦ
و اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺄﺧﺮة</span><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:
"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:
Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

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<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">ﺳﺰﯾﻢ ﺳﯿﺰر<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:
"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
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Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:
EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﺎدل ﻻﻏﺔ</span><br></div>

Type

abstract

Year

2014

Arel, Ayda. Onsekizinci Yüzyıl İstanbul Mimarisinde Batılılaşma Süreci. İstanbul: İ.T.Ü. Mimarlık Fakültesi Baskı Atölyesi, 1975, 176pp.

ملخص

عملية تغريب العمارة في إسطنبول خلال القرن الثامن عشر

Onsekizinci Yüzyıl İstanbul Mimarisinde Batılılaşma Süreci

ﯾﺪرس ھﺬا اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻋﻤﺎرة ﻋﺎﺻﻤﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ (إﺳﻄﻨﺒﻮل) ﺧﻼل ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﺮﯾﺐ. و ﯾﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻔﺼﯿﻠﯿﺔ ﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﺎرﯾﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ و اﻟﻘﺼﻮر و اﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮرات و اﻟﻨﻮاﻓﯿﺮ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ و اﻟﻤﺪارس و اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎت و اﻷﺿﺮﺣﺔ، ﻣﻦ ﻋﺼﺮ اﻟﺰﻧﺒﻖ 1718-1730 ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ ﻋﮭﺪ ﺳﻠﯿﻢ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻋﺎم 1808. و ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻤﻞ أﺣﺪ اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺮاﺋﺪة ﻧﻈﺮا ﻟﻘﻠﺔ اﻷﺑﺤﺎث ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎل اﻟﺘﺄﺛﯿﺮات اﻟﻐﺮﺑﯿﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ، و ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﮭﻮ ﻣﺼﺪر رﺋﯿﺴﻲ ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﻤﺠﺎل. و ﯾﻘﺴﱢﻢ اﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺤﺜﮫ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﺴﻠﺴﻞ زﻣﻨﻲ إﻟﻰ ﺛﻼث ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ: اﻷوﻟﻰ 1721-1740 و اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ 1740-1789 و اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﯿﺔ (ﻓﺘﺮة ﻋﻤﺎرة ﺳﻠﯿﻢ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ).

ﺗﻘﺪم اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎت اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ اﻷوروﺑﯿﺔ و اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮات اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ و اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﯿﺔ و اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻣﺒﺮاطﻮرﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ. و ﻗﺪ رﺟﻊ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ إﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﺬﻛﺮات اﻟﺸﺨﺼﯿﺔ و إﻟﻰ أدب اﻟﺮﺣﻼت اﻷورﺑﻲ و اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻹظﮭﺎر اﻟﻤﻔﺎھﯿﻢ اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ، و اﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﯿﻨﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرن أن اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻤﺎرة ﻣﺒﺪﻋﺔ و أﺻﯿﻠﺔ و ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ ﺗﻌﯿﺶ ﻓﺘﺮة اﻧﺤﻄﺎط. ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﺸﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ إﻟﻰ: "أن اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻟﻢ ﯾﻜﻦ ﻗﺮن ﺗﻐﺮﯾﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ، ﺑﻞ ﻛﺎن ﻓﺘﺮة ﺗﻤﮭﯿﺪﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻐﺮﯾﺐ اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮم".

و ﺑﻐﺾ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ رداءة ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ، ﻓﻘﺪ ﺷﻜﻠﺖ ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ و ﻣﺎﺗﺰال ﻣﺼﺪرا رﺋﯿﺴﯿﺎ ذا ﻓﺎﺋﺪة ﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻔﻦ و اﻟﻌﻤﺎرة اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺄﺧﺮة.

ﺳﺰﯾﻢ ﺳﯿﺰر

ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﺎدل ﻻﻏﺔ

Sezer, Sezim. “Arabic abstract of 'The Westernisation Process in the Architecture of Eighteenth-Century Istanbul'". Translated by Adel Laga in Cities as Built and Lived Environments: Scholarship from Muslim Contexts, 1875 to 2011, by Aptin Khanbaghi. 428. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2014.