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About

Tunis 

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digital graphic

AN101361.jpg

place

 Algiers

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AN100844.jpg

palace

museum

Algeria

adaptive reuse

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B & W print

Bardo Museum

Bardo National Museum

Bardo Palace

Alternate

المتحف الوطني بباردو

Translated

Musée national du Bardo

Bey's Palace

Formerly known as

Palais Bardo

Musée Alaoui

See <a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/2361" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Timeline: Hafsid</a> &nbsp;&nbsp;The Hafsid dynasty (Banu Hafs) was founded by Abu Zakariyya Yahya (1229-1249/626-647 AH) Almohad governor of Ifriqiya when he broke away declared independence. By the end of his 20 year reign he had expanded his territory into Béjaïa (Bougie) and&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/timelines/48/period/Marinid/year/1310" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Constantine&nbsp;</a>and&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3499" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Algiers</a>&nbsp;and became the recognized overlord of the Abdalwadides of&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/4007" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Tlemcen</a>&nbsp;He also expanded his power into&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3681" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Granada</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/timelines/48/period/Marinid/year/1310" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Marinid</a>&nbsp;territories of Morocco.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;His son, al-Mustansir (1249–77/626-675 AH), assumed the title of caliph, and his rule saw continued prosperity. He reached an agreement with Louis IX to end the VIII Crusade, and his death brought about a period of internal dissension and struggles for power. Unity was achieved by Abu Hafs (1284–95/683-694 AH), then by Abu Yahya Abu Bakr (1318–46/718-747 AH), but the kingdom faced a number of threats in the 14th century, including major Marinid invasions, the plague and a crippling financial crisis. Abu al-ʿAbbas (1370–94/771-796 AH), managed to restore the glory of the early Hafsid era. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The 14th and 15th centuries were prosperous under the Hafsid dynasty. The Saharan caravan trade was well developed, and commerce with Europe was increasing.&nbsp;So too was piracy. Funding from all three sources was used to finance public works in art and architecture. Piracy also provoked the anger of Aragon and Venice, which attacked coastal cities in retaliation. After the reign of Uthman (1435–88/838-893 AH), dynastic struggles weakened the Hafsids to the point that their fall became inevitable.&nbsp;They became increasingly caught up in imperial struggles between Spain and the&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/timelines/48/period/Ottoman/year/1339" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Ottomans</a>. These powers managed to each conquer Tunis for a period. The Hafsid dynasty came to an end after they agreed to become Spanish vassals in 1574/982. Muhammad IV, the last Hafsid Caliph, was subsequently captured, brought to Constantinople and executed. Under the Hafsids, Tunis was established as the capital, and the Maliki school of law was established as the foundation for religious and social life. Michael A. Toler

Bardo National MuseumAlgiers, Algeria

Bardo National Museum
Algiers, Algeria