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About

 Mecca

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digital graphic

AN102682.jpg

place

Saudi Arabia

This chart of the Great Mosque of Mecca (Masjid al-Haram) is part of the literary tradition surrounding the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj),
 including books of prayers, practical guides with schematic depictions,
 and pilgrimage certificates. Important locations within the precinct of
 the mosque are identified in Arabic in black naskh script. 
Similar maps are thought to have been produced for Indian pilgrims in 
the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries by draughtsmen working in the 
Hijaz. <a href="http://archnet.org/collections/52/media_contents/87186">Aga Khan Museum AKM00529</a>

Timeline

Islamic art

illuminated manuscripts

opaque watercolor

silver

paper

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AS100546.jpg

Masjid Al-Haram

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Rashidun Caliphs (632-661/10-40 AH) (also known as the rightly guided or patriarchal caliphs) were the first rulers of Islam after the prophet Muhammad died in 632/10 AH. The four main caliphs were Ali, Abu-bakr, Omar, and Othman. Each of them expanded the Islamic empire in one way or another. The Islamic expansion from 632-661 started from the Arabian peninsula in Mecca and Medina, to the west into Africa reaching Libya and to the east going as far as Afghanistan.

Masjid Al-HaramMecca, Saudi Arabia

Masjid Al-Haram
Mecca, Saudi Arabia